Temperature-controlled heating device



May 5, 1925. 1,536,689 R. c. PIERCE v TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED HEATING D vIc Filed oct. 18 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l" l v 1: N 11 0; a I @AM I May 5; 1925. v 1,536,689 R. C. PIERCE v TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED HEATING DEVICE Filed Oct. 18, 1 92; 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 swim c. rmncn, onmiiw Yemeni. i

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4 n piicat'ion filed October 13, 1953. j 'SeriaINo. ceases.

To all whom may concern a Be it knownjthat' RAYMOND C; PIERCE,

' citizen of the United" States,'.residing at New York, in the'county of'New York and State of New York, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Temper-. ature-Cont'rolled Heating Devices, of which the following is a specification.

vention' consists in the use of such a thermo-' static control in a" ortable oven, Ovens of this type,'mad'e 0 sheetmetal, are made I as'a rule, are operated more'econom'ically in large quantities, and areuseful, convenlent and relatively inexpensive. They may be used over an ord nary gas burner, and

than ovens'permanentl-y attached to burners such as cooking stoves. For example, oil stoves'seldom have ovens which are permanentlyattached and'portable ovens are found very useful in connection with baking or roasting on these stoves. However, Ildo not wish'to confine the use of my thermostatic control to portableburne'rs' or ovens, since it may be applied to burners attached to 'or builtjwi th stovesof standard types. The thermostatic control is'adapted toflee' used in conection with any gaseous or liquid fuel or if desirablewith openxwood or 'coal fires.

Broadly, my invention comprises'in a heating device the combination-of external h'eat-' ing means, an oven located away from the source of heat or to .one side sothat low oven-temperatures may be obtained even when a large excess of fuel is provided, a

, passage way capable of'being varied connecting the oven andthe external heating 'means for the passage-of products of combustion, a therm ostat adapted to regulate the size of the passage way-to maintain a predetermined temperature, a valve, a deflector preferably adjustable and moveable' to direct the heat to secure uniform temperature and in addition act as a supporting means for the thermostat, and means for controlling the height of the deflector whereby the temperature of the heating device is adjusted and maintained. In the preferred form of my invention the deflector plate is adjust- V the features of construction and the able and moveable but the construction of the apparatus may be varied so as to have the deflector plate stationary andth'e temperature-change controlled by the thermostatic element in conjunction with its related operative mechanism, The'locatioii of the oven ina raised position or to one side of the source of heat is very advantageous as it gives the products of combustion a chance to mix thoroughly and attain a uniform temperature before entering the oven;

Morespecifically, my inventionconsists 'in arrangenient of partswhich will'becx-empl ified in the construction hereinafter set forth and indicated in the following claims 'The invention'will be described in conthe scope of the application of which will be i nection with a single'burner type, However, itis obvious'that my thermostaticxcontrol may be appliedto ovens using more thanone burner. l orthe purpose of disclosgiven in connection witha thermostatically controlled oven located directly over the I burner. However, an ei u'ally desirable conr struction may consist 0 an oven set'lto one side of a burnerand connected thereto by means of an elbow heat conductor.

The invention is illustrated 'in its preferred embodiment drawing wherein: a t Figure 1, is-a side cross sectional View of an oven equipped with the thermostatic control;

Figure 2, isaplan view partly in section taken on the line' '2- 2 of Figure 1; I

Figure l, and; a Figure 4, is a partial front elevation show-f in the heat-control hand-wheeb I eferi'ing to the drawing, l is' a sheet Figure 3, is a section on line 3'3 of 111g invention the description will be in the accompanying metal oven-base with an aperture in its cen- I ter. Concentric with the base is a gas con; ducting tube ,or' conduit 2 which furnishes .a passage-way fdr the products of combus-f tion of the fuel burned below the base 1 iii a stove which supports the base and in'turn the complete-oven. The base 1 and the Con? l lo members 3 to which are attached the bottom 5 and sides 6 of the oven 4 thereby formpose the conducting tube 2 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 7 and between the bottom 5 of the oven 4'and the upper portionsof the jacket 7, there is an additional insulating jacket 8. When using the oven as a fireless cooker it is essential that the oven be away from the source of heat, either above or to one side, so that a 10W oven-temperature may be obtained even when a large excess of fuel is burned or otherwise provided.

The oven-bottom 5 has attached thereto a support 9. Any suitable-attaching means may be employed, for example, a rivet 10. The latter carries a pin 11 which acts as a hinge pin for the'heat deflecting plate 12, one end of which has an angle formation to form the arm 13. The plate 12 is hereinafter termed, the deflector. The deflector serves two purposes :to direct the heat to secure the uniform temperature which is essential and as a supporting means for the thermostatic controlling parts which preferably should be adjustable for the various desired temperatures. Mounted upon the arm.13 of the deflector 12 is a heat insulating. block 14 which has a hi-metallic strip 15 attached thereto by means of a rivet 16. The bi-metallic metal is composed of two metals, one having a high co-efiicient of expansion with heat and the other a low.

oo-eflicient of expansion. .These strips are welded or otherwise secured togetherto form a solid piece of metal. .WVhen the temperature of a bi-metallic metal is raised, the metal having the highest co-eflicient of expansion expands more than' the other and becomes longer forcing the strip of metal into a curved form approximating the arc of a circle. Strip 15 is arranged so that the portion expanding most is on top or above the portion expanding least. Consequently, an increase of temperature causes the strip to bend downward. Attached to the end of the thermostatic strip 15 remote from the insulating block 14 is an arm 17 for support- J in the valve stem'18, the valve 19 and the va ve-guide 20. The valve 19 is preferably one of low heat conductivity.'

The'insulating block 14 not only supports i the bi-metallic strip 15 but prevents heat from being conducted from the deflector 12 usually at a higher temperature than the strip 15. The spacing block 22 rests on the insulating block 14 and carries the com. bined plate and angle 23 which is flexed at 22. Block 22 and the arm 13 are held together by any suitable means, such as the rivet 25. The plate port/ion 23 serves the purpose 'of' preventing foodlror other material from dropping down on the thermostatic control parts and the angle portion 24 prevents, in conjunction with the stop .26, the whole assembly from swinging too far in case the oven is turned upside down.

The free end of the deflector 12 is supported by a cam 27'mounted on shaft 28, the latter being journalled in the bracket 29,

which is attached to" the oven-bottom 5 by 28. Any end motion of the latter is taken up or controlled by a compression spring 32. This spring also serves to create frictional resistance to the movement of the cam 27 and thereby prevents rotation of these parts except as desired; The indicator 33 is mounted on the oven side (5. I

The operation of the thermostat is as follows: The valve 19 is supported by a stem 18, an arm .17 and thermostatic strip '15 over the upper outlet ofthe heat conducting tube 2. When the strip 15 bends under the influence of heat, the valve stem 18, the valve 19 and the valve-guide 20 respectively move downward closing or partially closing the opening between the source of heat and the oven. If now the hand Wheel 31, the shaft 28 and the cam 27 respectively are turned thereby raising the end of the heat deflector 12 moving about pin 11 as a center and also raising arm 17 proportionately, the valve 19 will be raised allowing more heat to flow into the oven and requiring a higher temperature in the oven to bend the strip I and steadily maintained Within the oven. 1

The oven 4 is provided with the usual door 34 hinged at 35. The numeral 21 designates the bars of the usual oven grate.

The path of the hot gases through the oven is shown by arrows A, B and C.

I claim 1. In'a heating device, the combination of a thermostat, a valve, means operatively connecting the thermostat and valve, and a deflector to direct the products of combustion to secure a uniform temperature and adapted to support the thermostat.

2. In a heating device, the combination of a thermostat, a valve, means operatively connecting the thermostat and valve, and an adjustable deflector to direct products of combustion to secure a uniform temperature and adapted to support the thermostat,

3. In a heating device, the combination of a thermostat, a valve, means operativeliy connecting the thermostat and valve, an a connecting justable justable deflector adaptedto sup ortthe I thermostat, and means for contro ing the height of the deflector whereby the temperature of the heating device is adjusted and maintained.

4. In a heating device, the combination of a thermostat, a valve, means operatively the thermostat and valve, an-adeflector adapted to support the thermostat, and a'cam for controlling the height of the deflector whereby the temperature ofthe heating device is adjusted and maintained.-

5. In a' heatingdevice', the combination of a thermostat, a valve, means operatively connectin the thermostat and valve, anadjustableeflectoradapted to support the thermostat, means for controlling the height of the deflector whereby the temperature of the heating device is adjusted and maintained, and means for preventing the assemblage of elements from swinging too far when the heating device is tipped or turned over. g v

6. In a heating device, the combination of a thermostat and valve, an adjustable deflector insulated from the thermostatic element and adapted to support the same,

and means for controlling the height of the deflector whereby the temperature of ,the heating device is adjusted and maintained.

7. -In a heating device, the combination of an oven, external heating means, a pasthe oven and external heating means for the passage of products of combustion, and a thermostat adapted to regulate the size of said passage-way, to'maintain a predetermined over-temperature, the distance between the heating means and the oven being suflicient to prevent the latter from being unduly heated when the passage-way is closed regardless of and independent of the heating means.

8. In a heating device, the combination of an oven, external heating means, a passage-way capable of being varied connecting the oven and external heating means for the passage of products of combustion, athermostat, a valve, meansoperatively connecting the'thermostat and valve, an adjustable deflector adapted to support the thermostat and means for controlling the height of the deflector whereby the temperature of the heating device adjusted and maintained.

9. In a, heating device, the combination of external heating means, an oven insulated therefrom, a passage-way capable of being varied connecting the external heating means and the oven for the passage of prodnets of combustion,- a thermostat, a valve,

means operatively connecting the thermostat and valve, an adjustable deflector adapted to sup ort the thermostat and means for contro ling the height of the deof external heating means, an oven separate ing varied accordin flector whereby the temperature of the heating device is adjustedand maintained.

10. In aheating device,-the combination of external heating means, an oven separate from the heating means,- a passage-way for the products of combustion capable of being varied according to the temperature within the oven and connecting'the oven and external heating means, temperature-controlling means for varying the size of the passage-Way and means for protecting the tem erature-controlling means from the pr nets of combustion. t

11. In a heating device, the combination of external heating means, anioven, a pas sage-way for the products of combustion capable of. being varied according ,to the temperature within the oven .and connecting the oven and external heating means, temperature-controlling means for-varying the size of the passage-way and"means forprotecting the temperature-controlling means from the products of combustion,

12. In a heating device, the combination fromthe heating means, a passage-way'for the products of combustion capableof'beo the tem' erature within the oven an connecting t e 'oven' and" external heating means. and "temperatum-controlling means for varying the size of the passage-way.

13. In a heating device, the combination g of external heating means, 'an oven separate from .the heating means, a passage-way for the products of combustion capable of being varied according to the temperature within the oven and connecting the oven and external heating means, temperature-controlling means for varying the size of the -passage-way and means for preventing the assemble e of elements from swinging too far when t e heating device is tipped or turned over.

' 14. In a heating device, the combination of external heating means, an oven, a passage-way for the products of combustion capable of beirf varied according to the temperature wit in the oven and connecting the oven and externalheating means, and temperature-controlling means capable of manilal variation for varying'the size of the passage-way.

15. In a heating device, the combination of external heating means, an oven located a'sufiicient distance away from thep'roducts of combustion as to afiord the latter a chance to thoroughly mix and attainuniform temperature, a. passage-way for the products of combustion capable of being varied according to the temperature within the oven and connecting the oven and external heating means, and temperature-controlling means for varying the size of the passage wa its 'of combustion as to afford the latter a chance to thoroughly mix and attain a uniform Y temperature, a passage-way for the products I of combustion'capable of being varied according to 'the temperature within the oven and connecting the oven and external heating mean; and temperature-controlling means for varying the size of the passageway, and means or preventing the assemblage of elements from swinging too far when the heating device is tipped or turned over.

In testimony whereof he hereunto afiixes his signature. l

RAYMOND G. PIERCE; 

